Source code for abydos.tokenizer._qgrams

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Copyright 2014-2018 by Christopher C. Little.
# This file is part of Abydos.
#
# Abydos is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# Abydos is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with Abydos. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

"""abydos.tokenizer._q_grams.

QGrams multi-set class
"""

from __future__ import (
    absolute_import,
    division,
    print_function,
    unicode_literals,
)

from collections import Counter, Iterable

from six.moves import range

__all__ = ['QGrams']


[docs]class QGrams(Counter): """A q-gram class, which functions like a bag/multiset. A q-gram is here defined as all sequences of q characters. Q-grams are also known as k-grams and n-grams, but the term n-gram more typically refers to sequences of whitespace-delimited words in a string, where q-gram refers to sequences of characters in a word or string. """ def __init__(self, term, qval=2, start_stop='$#', skip=0): """Initialize QGrams. Parameters ---------- term : str A string to extract q-grams from qval : int or Iterable The q-gram length (defaults to 2), can be an integer, range object, or list start_stop : str A string of length >= 0 indicating start & stop symbols. If the string is '', q-grams will be calculated without start & stop symbols appended to each end. Otherwise, the first character of start_stop will pad the beginning of the string and the last character of start_stop will pad the end of the string before q-grams are calculated. (In the case that start_stop is only 1 character long, the same symbol will be used for both.) skip : int or Iterable The number of characters to skip, can be an integer, range object, or list Examples -------- >>> qg = QGrams('AATTATAT') >>> qg QGrams({'AT': 3, 'TA': 2, '$A': 1, 'AA': 1, 'TT': 1, 'T#': 1}) >>> qg = QGrams('AATTATAT', qval=1, start_stop='') >>> qg QGrams({'A': 4, 'T': 4}) >>> qg = QGrams('AATTATAT', qval=3, start_stop='') >>> qg QGrams({'TAT': 2, 'AAT': 1, 'ATT': 1, 'TTA': 1, 'ATA': 1}) """ # Save the term itself self._term = term self._term_ss = term self._ordered_list = [] if not isinstance(qval, Iterable): qval = (qval,) if not isinstance(skip, Iterable): skip = (skip,) for qval_i in qval: for skip_i in skip: if len(self._term) < qval_i or qval_i < 1: continue if start_stop and qval_i > 1: term = ( start_stop[0] * (qval_i - 1) + self._term + start_stop[-1] * (qval_i - 1) ) else: term = self._term # Having appended start & stop symbols (or not), save the # result, but only for the longest valid qval_i if len(term) > len(self._term_ss): self._term_ss = term skip_i += 1 self._ordered_list += [ term[i : i + (qval_i * skip_i) : skip_i] for i in range(len(term) - (qval_i - 1)) ] super(QGrams, self).__init__(self._ordered_list)
[docs] def count(self): """Return q-grams count. Returns ------- int The total count of q-grams in a QGrams object Examples -------- >>> qg = QGrams('AATTATAT') >>> qg.count() 9 >>> qg = QGrams('AATTATAT', qval=1, start_stop='') >>> qg.count() 8 >>> qg = QGrams('AATTATAT', qval=3, start_stop='') >>> qg.count() 6 """ return sum(self.values())
if __name__ == '__main__': import doctest doctest.testmod()